在一台物理机上安装两个版本相同的PHP
有时候因为特殊情况（嗯，比如某些公司开发出来的不可理喻的应用程序）需要在一台物理机上安装两个版本相同(或不同)的运行环境，并且因为一些其他限制，还不能在docker里分开跑，于是就有了本文。
通常我们的做法是yum安装php，但为了达成本文的目标，我们需要编译安装。本文范例使用的php版本是5.3.29，我和你一样，非常不理解为什么要选用这个高不成低不就的版本。本范例的单一目标是在一台物理服务器上安装两个版本相同的php，你一定觉得我们脑袋秀逗了，但是这里有一个应用偏偏要这个版本，而且还要同时运行zts和nts的环境。很好，我想你已经明白软件开发商是有多么的愚蠢了。
首先编译一个ZTS版本的php，在编译前请将所需的各种依赖和环境先安装以及编译好，不知道需要哪些的话请在博客内搜索之前关于编译php的文章。
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php53zts --with-config-file-path=/etc/php53zts --with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php.d --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-curl --with-gettext --with-bz2 --with-mysql=mysqlnd --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --enable-shmop --enable-calendar --enable-ftp --with-openssl --with-zlib --enable-exif --with-gmp --enable-sysvmsg --enable-sockets --enable-wddx --libdir=/usr/lib --with-libdir=lib --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/lib --with-png-dir=/usr/lib --with-freetype-dir=/usr/lib --enable-zip --enable-sockets --enable-ftp --without-pear --enable-fpm --enable-maintainer-zts
特别要注意的是--prefix=、--with-config-file-path=这两条定义，这里将要定义该php安装到哪个目录，如果不定义就是默认的路径，然而我们需要安装两个php，所以一定要定义。编译完成并make install后，程序会汇报它的路径，本范例中，ZTS版本的路径为
Installing PHP SAPI module: fpm Installing PHP CLI binary: /usr/local/php53zts/bin/ Installing PHP CLI man page: /usr/local/php53zts/man/man1/ Installing PHP FPM binary: /usr/local/php53zts/sbin/ Installing PHP FPM config: /usr/local/php53zts/etc/ Installing PHP FPM man page: /usr/local/php53zts/man/man8/ Installing PHP FPM status page: /usr/local/php53zts/share/php/fpm/ Installing build environment: /usr/lib/build/ Installing header files: /usr/local/php53zts/include/php/ Installing helper programs: /usr/local/php53zts/bin/ program: phpize program: php-config Installing man pages: /usr/local/php53zts/man/man1/ page: phpize.1 page: php-config.1 /tmp/php-5.3.29/build/shtool install -c ext/phar/phar.phar /usr/local/php53zts/bin ln -s -f /usr/local/php53zts/bin/phar.phar /usr/local/php53zts/bin/phar Installing PDO headers: /usr/local/php53zts/include/php/ext/pdo/
接下来需要编译一个NTS版本的环境，不过我在编译中遇到了一个奇特的错误，提示缺少了某个库，但ZTS编译时并未提示，为防万一，我又重新编译了缺少的库libmcrypt
cd /tmp wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/mcrypt/files/Libmcrypt/2.5.8/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz/download tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz cd libmcrypt-2.5.8/ ./configure make && make install /sbin/ldconfig cd libltdl/ ./configure --enable-ltdl-install make && make install
按序执行上述命令后，再次开始编译NTS的PHP
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php53 --with-config-file-path=/etc/php53 --with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php.d --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-curl --with-gettext --with-bz2 --with-mysql=mysqlnd --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --enable-shmop --enable-calendar --enable-ftp --with-openssl --with-zlib --enable-exif --with-gmp --enable-sysvmsg --enable-sockets --enable-wddx --libdir=/usr/lib --with-libdir=lib --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/lib --with-png-dir=/usr/lib --with-freetype-dir=/usr/lib --enable-zip --enable-sockets --enable-ftp --without-pear --enable-fpm
除了--prefix=、--with-config-file-path=这两条定义外，相信你已经看出来NTS和ZTS版本在编译时的区别，对，就取决于一条编译参数--enable-maintainer-zts。编译后NTS版本的路径为
Installing PHP SAPI module: fpm Installing PHP CLI binary: /usr/local/php53/bin/ Installing PHP CLI man page: /usr/local/php53/man/man1/ Installing PHP FPM binary: /usr/local/php53/sbin/ Installing PHP FPM config: /usr/local/php53/etc/ Installing PHP FPM man page: /usr/local/php53/man/man8/ Installing PHP FPM status page: /usr/local/php53/share/php/fpm/ Installing build environment: /usr/lib/build/ Installing header files: /usr/local/php53/include/php/ Installing helper programs: /usr/local/php53/bin/ program: phpize program: php-config Installing man pages: /usr/local/php53/man/man1/ page: phpize.1 page: php-config.1 /tmp/php-5.3.29/build/shtool install -c ext/phar/phar.phar /usr/local/php53/bin ln -s -f /usr/local/php53/bin/phar.phar /usr/local/php53/bin/phar Installing PDO headers: /usr/local/php53/include/php/ext/pdo/
接下来很重要的一步是为这两个版本相同但是运行模式不同的php环境各自配置相关的服务启动脚本
ZTS版本的服务启动脚本：
cd /etc/init.d
vi zts-php-fpm
复制黏贴下面的代码
#! /bin/sh
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides: php-fpm
# Required-Start: $remote_fs $network
# Required-Stop: $remote_fs $network
# Default-Start: 2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop: 0 1 6
# Short-Description: starts php-fpm
# Description: starts the PHP FastCGI Process Manager daemon
### END INIT INFO
prefix=/usr/local/php53zts
exec_prefix=${prefix}
php_fpm_BIN=/usr/local/php53zts/sbin/php-fpm
php_fpm_CONF=/etc/zts-php-fpm.conf
php_fpm_PID=/var/run/zts-php-fpm.pid
php_opts="--fpm-config $php_fpm_CONF --pid $php_fpm_PID"
wait_for_pid () {
try=0
while test $try -lt 35 ; do
case "$1" in
'created')
if [ -f "$2" ] ; then
try=''
break
fi
;;
'removed')
if [ ! -f "$2" ] ; then
try=''
break
fi
;;
esac
echo -n .
try=`expr $try + 1`
sleep 1
done
}
case "$1" in
start)
echo -n "Starting php-fpm "
$php_fpm_BIN --daemonize $php_opts
if [ "$?" != 0 ] ; then
echo " failed"
exit 1
fi
wait_for_pid created $php_fpm_PID
if [ -n "$try" ] ; then
echo " failed"
exit 1
else
echo " done"
fi
;;
stop)
echo -n "Gracefully shutting down php-fpm "
if [ ! -r $php_fpm_PID ] ; then
echo "warning, no pid file found - php-fpm is not running ?"
exit 1
fi
kill -QUIT `cat $php_fpm_PID`
wait_for_pid removed $php_fpm_PID
if [ -n "$try" ] ; then
echo " failed. Use force-quit"
exit 1
else
echo " done"
fi
;;
force-quit)
echo -n "Terminating php-fpm "
if [ ! -r $php_fpm_PID ] ; then
echo "warning, no pid file found - php-fpm is not running ?"
exit 1
fi
kill -TERM `cat $php_fpm_PID`
wait_for_pid removed $php_fpm_PID
if [ -n "$try" ] ; then
echo " failed"
exit 1
else
echo " done"
fi
;;
restart)
$0 stop
$0 start
;;
reload)
echo -n "Reload service php-fpm "
if [ ! -r $php_fpm_PID ] ; then
echo "warning, no pid file found - php-fpm is not running ?"
exit 1
fi
kill -USR2 `cat $php_fpm_PID`
echo " done"
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|force-quit|restart|reload}"
exit 1
;;
esacNTS版本的服务启动脚本：
#! /bin/sh
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides: php-fpm
# Required-Start: $remote_fs $network
# Required-Stop: $remote_fs $network
# Default-Start: 2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop: 0 1 6
# Short-Description: starts php-fpm
# Description: starts the PHP FastCGI Process Manager daemon
### END INIT INFO
prefix=/usr/local/php53
exec_prefix=${prefix}
php_fpm_BIN=/usr/local/php53/sbin/php-fpm
php_fpm_CONF=/etc/nts-php-fpm.conf
php_fpm_PID=/var/run/nts-php-fpm.pid
php_opts="--fpm-config $php_fpm_CONF --pid $php_fpm_PID"
wait_for_pid () {
try=0
while test $try -lt 35 ; do
case "$1" in
'created')
if [ -f "$2" ] ; then
try=''
break
fi
;;
'removed')
if [ ! -f "$2" ] ; then
try=''
break
fi
;;
esac
echo -n .
try=`expr $try + 1`
sleep 1
done
}
case "$1" in
start)
echo -n "Starting php-fpm "
$php_fpm_BIN --daemonize $php_opts
if [ "$?" != 0 ] ; then
echo " failed"
exit 1
fi
wait_for_pid created $php_fpm_PID
if [ -n "$try" ] ; then
echo " failed"
exit 1
else
echo " done"
fi
;;
stop)
echo -n "Gracefully shutting down php-fpm "
if [ ! -r $php_fpm_PID ] ; then
echo "warning, no pid file found - php-fpm is not running ?"
exit 1
fi
kill -QUIT `cat $php_fpm_PID`
wait_for_pid removed $php_fpm_PID
if [ -n "$try" ] ; then
echo " failed. Use force-quit"
exit 1
else
echo " done"
fi
;;
force-quit)
echo -n "Terminating php-fpm "
if [ ! -r $php_fpm_PID ] ; then
echo "warning, no pid file found - php-fpm is not running ?"
exit 1
fi
kill -TERM `cat $php_fpm_PID`
wait_for_pid removed $php_fpm_PID
if [ -n "$try" ] ; then
echo " failed"
exit 1
else
echo " done"
fi
;;
restart)
$0 stop
$0 start
;;
reload)
echo -n "Reload service php-fpm "
if [ ! -r $php_fpm_PID ] ; then
echo "warning, no pid file found - php-fpm is not running ?"
exit 1
fi
kill -USR2 `cat $php_fpm_PID`
echo " done"
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|force-quit|restart|reload}"
exit 1
;;
esac然后给两个服务脚本赋予执行权限，并加入系统服务中
chmod +x /etc/init.d/zts-php-fpm chmod +x /etc/init.d/nts-php-fpm chkconfig --add zts-php-fpm chkconfig --add nts-php-fpm chkconfig zts-php-fpm off chkconfig nts-php-fpm off chkconfig zts-php-fpm --level 3 on chkconfig nts-php-fpm --level 3 on
接下来需要更改两个版本的php-fpm的配置文件，使服务监听不同的端口。在本范例中，我们让ZTS版本的php监听9001端口，而NTS版本的php监听9002端口。这部分比较简单，将php-fpm.conf文件复制两份，一份命名zts-php-fpm.conf一份命名nts-php-fpm.conf，然后修改其中的监听端口即可，默认端口是9000.修改后，使用命令分别运行两个php-fpm
service zts-php-fpm start service nts-php-fpm start
通过查看netstat -lptn可以看到有两个fpm进程监听不同的端口，此时只要上级请求转发服务如nginx，转发php请求到相应的端口就可以区分哪些去ZTS版本解析，哪些去NTS版本解析。
最后，需要特别注意的是，在本例中编译时对mysql库文件的引入已经不再使用
--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql
而是使用php官方建议的内置数据驱动
--with-mysql=mysqlnd --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd
建议编译php5.3版本及以上时使用该编译参数替代。